The much-anticipated wave of adjustable-rate-mortgage resets—which are beginning to hit many homeowners now—may not be as devastating to the housing market as experts had feared.
“I don’t see much of a payment shock as long as interest rates remain low,” says Frank Nothaft, chief economist at Freddie Mac. “The Fed has been moderating policy and keeping rates low for treasurys that serve as an index for ARMs. I think that will continue into the end of 2011.”
Over the last two years, many industry analysts were expecting the large number of ongoing ARM term changes to have a crushing effect on the housing market, with increases on interest rate payments—as well as principal—forcing thousands more foreclosures than are already taking place.
But historically low interest rates are reversing that expectation. In fact, Nothaft says, some ARM mortgage holders might even see their interest rates lowered when the loan terms change.
“That’s not to say everyone with an ARM will see their rates go down, but some will as the rates have continued to fall for those ARM indexes,” Nothaft adds.
And even with increases in principal—which are included in some ARMs—homeowners might not take a much of a hit, says Marc Schwaber, corporate development manager mortgage for First Choice Loan Services in New Jersey.
“One side may go up, the principal, but the other side, the interest rates, will more than likely go down with the new terms,” Schwaber goes on to say. “I think it balances out more or less.”
Still, some analysts are continuing to warn about the dangers for ARM borrowers and the housing market.
“A lot of ARMs were interest-only payments and the principal balances are going to increase as the loan terms restructure in the days ahead,” says Rick Sharga, vice president of RealtyTrac.com. “People who have those type of ARMs are going to see big increases in their housing costs. I don’ think many of them will be able to afford it.”
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Starting this quarter, nearly one million adjustable rate mortgages are estimated to be reset into higher payments over the next three years, with some 750,000 of them adjusting now and through 2011. They will reach a peak next year of 54,000 adjustments just in the month of August.
Sharga says about half of all those ARM loans will see their principal costs rise—what’s called recasting—along with possible interest rate hikes or resetting.
“About $300 billion in ARMs will reset and recast to higher payments in 2011,” Sharga goes on to say. “I think this is a potentially toxic situation for homeowners and the market with more foreclosures on the line.”
Option ARMs primarily offer homeowners loans at a much lower initial interest than a fixed mortgage, for say a 3-6 year period. Buyers can even get interest only ARM loans and skip principal payments for a time. But the terms eventually change and both principal and/or interest rates usually goes up.
While some experts might downplay the effect of ARM resets, option ARM loans have been somewhat of a thorn in housing’s side during the real estate crisis. That’s because their delinquency rate is still high as the terms change—as is the foreclosure rate.
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